$929 Million Arms Deal: U.S. Supports Egypt’s Naval and Air Defense Upgrades

On February 4, the U.S. State Department approved two significant arms sales to Egypt totaling approximately $929 million, further strengthening the growing military ties between the two countries despite concerns over ongoing human rights abuses by the government of President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi.

According to the U.S. Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), the deals, which aim to strengthen Cairo’s defense capabilities and improve regional security, include a $625 million upgrade for the Egyptian Navy’s Fast Missile Crafts [FMC] and the purchase of AN/TPS-78 long-range radar systems worth approximately $304 million.

The modernization to be carried out under Lockheed Martin’s prime contractors will include the installation of COMBATSS-21 combat management systems on Egypt’s four fast missile craft. Additionally, it will cover the upgrade of air and surface surveillance radars, electronic warfare systems, electro-optical and infrared sensors, communications intelligence systems, fire control radar systems, and 76mm guns.

U.S. 5TH FLEET AREA OF OPERATIONS (Feb. 12, 2019) Cmdr. Michael Fabrizio, left, executive officer of the Whidbey Island-class amphibious dock landing ship USS Fort McHenry (LSD 43), and Ensign Andrew Simeone observe as the Egyptian Navy Ambassador III class missile craft Soliman Ezzat (PCFG 682) sails alongside Fort McHenry during a passing exercise. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Chris Roys)

The FMC, known as the Ambassador MK III or Ezzat class, are small warships built for the Egyptian Navy by VT Halter Marine. The program, launched in the early 2000s, has a total cost of $1.29 billion and includes the construction of four ships. Egypt commissioned the first vessel of this class, S. Ezzat, in 2013, followed by the second, F. Zekry, later that year. The remaining two ships, M. Fahmy and A. Gad arrived on the Mediterranean coast in 2015 and entered service with the Navy.

The Egyptian navy’s Ambassador III class Missile craft The Soliman Ezzat (PCFG 682) sails in the Arabian sea during a passing exercise with the Whidbey Island-class amphibious dock landing ship USS Fort McHenry (LSD 43) to practice maneuvering procedures and communication between ships. (U.S. Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. Antonio Garcia)

The second agreement concerns the AN/TPS-78 Long Range Radar systems, which will enhance Egypt’s ability to detect various air threats and increase its capability to deal with current and future threats. In addition to radar systems, the package includes KIV-78 cryptographic equipment, Global Positioning System (GPS) equipment including Selective Availability and Anti-Spoofing Modules (SAASM), spare and repair parts, software and software support, and personnel training.

Northrop Grumman’s AN/TPS-78 is a long-range air surveillance radar operating in the S-band (IEEE) or E/F band (NATO). Its advanced automatic detection and tracking algorithms enable it to track a wide range of targets, from slow-moving targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles and warships to tactical ballistic missiles. The radar system has a range of up to 444 km (240 nautical miles). Additionally, the entire system can be transported by a standard C-130 aircraft and deployed by a four-person team in less than 30 minutes.

The large antenna of a AN/TPS 75 radar system is in use at the 133rd Test Squadron in Fort Dodge, Iowa on December 19, 2019. (U.S. Air National Guard photo by Senior Master Sgt. Vincent De Groot)

DSCA said that both proposed sales would help enhance the security of a friendly country that is a key player in the Middle East in terms of political stability and economic growth while supporting U.S. foreign policy and national security objectives. The agency added that these sales would not affect the fundamental military balance in the region.